Common ERP-to-MES flows
Released production orders, product/material master references, routing references, target quantities, due dates and sometimes inventory or personnel references may flow to MES.
Common MES-to-ERP flows
MES may return completed quantities, scrap, component consumption, labor confirmations, inventory movements or production status depending on the operating model.
Master-data alignment
Identifiers and units must agree. A product called one thing in ERP and another thing in MES creates mapping debt that grows with every integration.
Timing and transaction boundaries
ERP may not need every machine event. Aggregate or transaction-level confirmations are often better than flooding enterprise systems with second-by-second data.